{"id":928,"date":"2020-02-11T23:35:27","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T20:35:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nalog.fr\/cszakon-dyuflo-jak-snizit-dane-pri-nakupu-noveho-bydleni-ve-francii\/"},"modified":"2020-02-11T23:35:27","modified_gmt":"2020-02-11T20:35:27","slug":"cszakon-dyuflo-jak-snizit-dane-pri-nakupu-noveho-bydleni-ve-francii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/cszakon-dyuflo-jak-snizit-dane-pri-nakupu-noveho-bydleni-ve-francii\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kon \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e: jak sn\u00ed\u017eit dan\u011b p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu nov\u00e9ho bydlen\u00ed ve Francii"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Od 1 ledna 2013 ve Francii plat\u00ed z\u00e1kon \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e (loi Duflot), podle n\u011bho\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit dan\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee nech\u00e1 v pron\u00e1jmu z\u00edskan\u00e9 nebo vybudovan\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed je v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dev\u00edti let. Tento mechanismus bude fungovat a\u017e do 31 prosince 2016.<\/p>\n<p>Do roku 2013 m\u00edsto z\u00e1kona \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e aplikuje z\u00e1kon \u0421\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435 (loi Scellier), v jeho\u017e r\u00e1mci bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat zp\u011bt 6 % (pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 domy) nebo 13 % (pro energeticky \u00fasporn\u00e9 budovy), od hodnoty nemovitosti, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0441\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c v n\u00e1jmu dev\u011bt let. \u010casto lze sly\u0161et n\u00e1zor, \u017ee by star\u00fd z\u00e1kon byl v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nov\u00fd, ale nen\u00ed to tak.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Z\u00e1kon \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e je mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e \u0421\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435, ale mnohem v\u00edce technick\u00fd, a zdaleka ne v\u0161ichni si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed jeho vlastnosti. To vysv\u011btluje kritiku. Krom\u011b toho ministr Cecile \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e nepopul\u00e1rn\u00ed: n\u011bkdy neobjektivn\u00ed postoj k p\u0159edsedovi se vztahuje na z\u00e1kon, kter\u00fd iniciuje&#8220;\u2014 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Lara \u041f\u0430\u0440\u044d\u043d\u0430\u043d, \u0159editel odboru V\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy AS et Associ\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p>Podle z\u00e1kona \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e investor, kter\u00fd koupil nemovitost na dobu ur\u010ditou, m\u016f\u017ee z\u00edskat da\u0148ov\u00fd odpo\u010det ve v\u00fd\u0161i 18 % z ceny objektu, pokud:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>v\u00fd\u0161e investice nen\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 300 tis\u00edc eur;<\/li>\n<li>cena za 1 m2 \u2014 ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 500 eur;<\/li>\n<li>ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed bude mo\u017en\u00e9 pronajmout nejm\u00e9n\u011b na dev\u011bt let a ne pozd\u011bji ne\u017e 12 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f po ukon\u010den\u00ed stavby;<\/li>\n<li>pron\u00e1jem sazby jsou vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e maximum stanoven\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy;<\/li>\n<li>velikost p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f budouc\u00ed n\u00e1jemce odpov\u00edd\u00e1 platn\u00fdm ruky;<\/li>\n<li>ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u00edd\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti (BBC 2005 \u2014 pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed postaven\u00e9 do 31. prosince 2012, nebo RT2012 \u2014 pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed postaven\u00e1 po 1 ledna 2013).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podle z\u00e1kona \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e m\u016f\u017eete koupit maxim\u00e1ln\u011b dv\u011b za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed za rok celkem stoj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 tis\u00edc euro. Tomu, kdo se rozhodl koupit byt ve Francii, nejv\u00edce v\u00fdhodn\u00e9 z\u00edskat studia a jedno-lo\u017enicov\u00fdch byty \u2014 oni jsou nej\u017e\u00e1dan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mezi n\u00e1jemn\u00edky. Gross-v\u00fdnos je v pr\u016fm\u011bru 3,5\u20134 %. Da\u0148ov\u00e9 slevy jsou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 po cel\u00fdch dev\u011bt let.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Je mo\u017en\u00e9 ode\u010d\u00edst maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 6 000 eur ro\u010dn\u011b po dobu dev\u00edti let \u2014 jen 54 tis\u00edc euro, za cel\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed,&#8220; vysv\u011btluje Lara \u041f\u0430\u0440\u044d\u043d\u0430\u043d.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1jemn\u00e9 sazby za z\u00e1kon\u011b \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e tvo\u0159\u00ed 80 % z tr\u017en\u00ed poplatky za odn\u00edmateln\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed. Oni se m\u011bn\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok. N\u00e1jemce nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dlenem rodiny majitele.<\/p>\n<p>Zjistit velikost bydlen\u00ed a omezen\u00ed na n\u00e1jemn\u00e9, je nutn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt vzorec: 0,7+19\/n (N \u2014 ob\u00fdvac\u00ed prostor, stejn\u011b jako polovina pomocn\u00fdch prostor (sklep, sklep, balkon), jejich\u017e velikost se pohybuje maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 8 m2). Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 pro tento objekt \u2014 636 eur (65*9,88*(0,7+19\/65)).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ceny j\u00edzdn\u00e9ho, euro\/m2 (2013), data AS &amp; Associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Z\u00f3na A bis<\/th>\n<td>16,52<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"vertical-align: middle;\">Z\u00f3na A<br \/> (zbytek<br \/> oblasti)<\/th>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: middle;\">12,27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Z\u00f3na B1<\/th>\n<td>9,88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u010c\u00e1st B2<\/th>\n<td>8,59<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Z\u00f3na A zahrnuje mnoh\u00e9 obce v Ile-de-\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0435, c\u00f4te d &#8218; Azur a francouzskou \u010d\u00e1st \u017eenevsk\u00e9 aglomerace, z\u00f3na A bis \u2014 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017e a 29 obc\u00ed mal\u00e9 koruny hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta, B1 \u2014 velkou korunu Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee a aglomerace s po\u010dtem obyvatel v\u00edce ne\u017e 250 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Do oblasti B2 pat\u0159\u00ed aglomerace s po\u010dtem obyvatel m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 250 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. Od 30 \u010dervna 2013 \u00falevy na tuto oblast se nevztahuje, nicm\u00e9n\u011b v polovin\u011b t\u011bchto obc\u00ed diskutov\u00e1na mo\u017enost \u00fa\u010dasti v programu ozna\u010dena z\u00e1konem \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f, budouc\u00ed n\u00e1jemce, euro v \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 AS &amp; Associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"vertical-align: middle;\">Pro jednoho<br \/> osoby<\/th>\n<th style=\"vertical-align: middle;\">Pro p\u00e1ry<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Z\u00f3na A<\/th>\n<td>36 502<\/td>\n<td>54 554<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Z\u00f3na B1<\/th>\n<td>29 751<\/td>\n<td>39 731<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>\u010c\u00e1st B2<\/th>\n<td>26 776<\/td>\n<td>35 757<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad, v roce 2013 fyzick\u00e1 osoba z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 nov\u00fd byt o rozloze 65 m2 v Lille (Oblast B1). Takov\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed bude odpov\u00eddat \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 p\u0159edpisu RT2012. Investor m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt da\u0148ov\u011b uznateln\u00e9 n\u00e1klady ve v\u00fd\u0161i 4 200 eur ro\u010dn\u011b po dobu dev\u00edti let. Celkov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e \u00faspor \u010din\u00ed 37 800 euro.<\/p>\n<p>S ohledem na ceny a hodnoty n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho nejv\u00edce n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed je oblast B1, a to zejm\u00e9na ve m\u011bst\u011b Bordeaux, Lille, Lyon, Nantes, Rennes a \u0160trasburk. Nen\u00ed to stoj\u00ed za to odepsat a pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed z\u00f3ny A \u2014 Gennevilliers, Montreuil a \u0428\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043e\u043d. Hrub\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy z m\u00edstn\u00edch byt\u016f o rozloze 40 m2 dosahuje 5,5 %.<\/p>\n<p>Podle AS &amp; Associ\u00e9s, p\u0159i koupi objektu hodnotou 200 tis\u00edc euro hypot\u00e9ky m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady s ohledem na v\u00fdhody teoreticky m\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit 407 euro \u2014 d\u00edky z\u00e1konu \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0161et\u0159\u00ed 333 euro za m\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3>P\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1klad\u016f p\u0159i n\u00e1kupu na \u00fav\u011br objekt stoj\u00ed 200 tis\u00edc eur, euro v \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 AS &amp; Associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Spl\u00e1tky hypot\u00e9ky<\/th>\n<td>1 228<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>P\u0159\u00edjmy z pron\u00e1jmu<\/th>\n<td>488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Da\u0148ov\u00e1 sleva<\/th>\n<td>333<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady<\/th>\n<td>407<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>T\u00edmto mechanismem lze vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i objedn\u00e1n\u00ed na cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry a Ob\u010dansk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti za transakce s nemovitostmi (Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civiles de placement immobilier, SCPI), pokud 95 % aktiv tvo\u0159\u00ed objekty, kter\u00e9 spadaj\u00ed pod kategorii zdan\u011bn\u00ed podle z\u00e1kona \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je velikost da\u0148ov\u00e9ho odpo\u010dtu \u010din\u00ed 18 % z 95 % z dlu\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky p\u0159edplatn\u00e9ho na cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry.<\/p>\n<h3>* * *<\/h3>\n<p>&#8222;\u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e a podobn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny na sektory, v nich\u017e jsou pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed dotace. V z\u00e1konech, souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s nemovitostmi, st\u00e1t vyhraje dvakr\u00e1t: za prv\u00e9, to dostane DPH (19,6 %) ihned a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vr\u00e1t\u00ed, ale ne hned, ale v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 10-11 let (jeden\u2013dva roky na v\u00fdstavbu a dev\u011bt let pron\u00e1jmu). Za druh\u00e9, tyto z\u00e1kony umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit a kontrolovat tr\u017en\u00ed n\u00e1jemn\u00e9, a tak\u00e9 ud\u011blat odn\u00edmateln\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro chud\u00fdch lid\u00ed&#8220;,\u2014 vysv\u011btluje Lara \u041f\u0430\u0440\u044d\u043d\u0430\u043d.<\/p>\n<p>Julia \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, Tranio.Ru<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Od 1 ledna 2013 ve Francii plat\u00ed z\u00e1kon \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e (loi Duflot), podle n\u011bho\u017e je mo\u017en\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017eit dan\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee nech\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-danove-informace-ve-francii"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"cs","enabled_languages":["ru","uk","en","de","fr","it","es","pl","pt","bg","cs","da","et","fi","hr","hu","lt","lv","mk","no","ro","sk","sl","sq","sr","tr","nl","am","ca","sv"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cs":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"et":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"mk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sq":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"am":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ca":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/928\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}