Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch realitn\u00edch trh\u016f v Evrop\u011b \u2014 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fd region (\u00cele-de-France) \u2014 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dvoj\u00ed krize: kancel\u00e1\u0159e pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 a byt\u016f chyb\u00ed. St\u00e1le v\u00edce popul\u00e1rn\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 my\u0161lenka p\u0159evodu nebytov\u00fdch prostor fond bydlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Podle Immo G Consulting, od roku 2002 do 2012 letech v Ile-de-\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0435 byla postavena pouze 420 tis\u00edc bytov\u00fdch jednotek, a zajistit, aby obyvatelstvo byty, bylo nutn\u00e9 stav\u011bt je dvakr\u00e1t v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Od roku 2008, n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho a ceny na sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed byty i nad\u00e1le r\u016fst. Te\u010f metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei stoj\u00ed ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 8 500 eur.<\/p>\n
Ale od roku 2002 do 2012 letech v Ile-de-\u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0435 byla zah\u00e1jena v\u00fdstavba komer\u010dn\u00edch prostor o celkov\u00e9 rozloze v\u00edce ne\u017e 12 milion\u016f m2, co\u017e je v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobek pot\u0159ebn\u00fd objem. Nyn\u00ed v regionu str\u00e1\u017ei od 2,5 milionu na 3,6 milionu m2 kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, 500 tis\u00edc m2, z nich\u017e se p\u0159estal pou\u017e\u00edvat v pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch \u010dty\u0159 let. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159etina z nich jsou bez n\u00e1jemn\u00edk\u016f 2-4 roky. Podle informac\u00ed DTZ, v \u0414\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0435, hlavn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed \u010dtvrti Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, na str\u00e1\u017ei 10 % kancel\u00e1\u0159e. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed se ve studii Immo G Consulting, 2007-2011 prodejn\u00ed cena tam klesla na 20 %, n\u00e1klady na n\u00e1jemn\u00e9 o 9 %.<\/p>\n
I kdy\u017e znovu p\u0159elo\u017eit v\u0161echny voln\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e v bytov\u00e9m fondu, dopadne 54 tis\u00edc bytov\u00fdch jednotek o rozloze 70 m2 ka\u017ed\u00fd. A to je pouze 1 % z celkov\u00e9ho fondu bydlen\u00ed Ile-de-France. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v praxi ne v\u0161echny \u00fa\u0159ady, lze p\u0159estavit na byty. Od roku 1990 do roku 2010, v letech bytov\u00e9ho fondu Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c v pr\u016fm\u011bru pouze 33 tis\u00edc m2 kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch ploch. To je ro\u010dn\u011b t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c 300 a\u017e 400 byt\u016f. Do roku 2020 vl\u00e1da pl\u00e1nuje zv\u00fd\u0161it tento pod\u00edl n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
Moc Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee pracuj\u00ed na tom, aby proces transformace kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho sektoru rychl\u00e1 a snadn\u00e1. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro spole\u010dnosti zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c komer\u010dn\u00edch prostor v bydlen\u00ed, byla uvedena z\u00e1kladn\u00ed sazba dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch \u2014 19 %, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k n\u00e1r\u016fstu kapit\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n
Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhodou investice do kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v r\u00e1mci rekonstrukce je v tom, \u017ee metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00edch nemovitost\u00ed \u010din\u00ed 15-30 % levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed bydlen\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, zrekonstruovan\u00fd \u00fa\u0159ad m\u016f\u017ee prodat se ziskem.<\/p>\n
Fleuron Immobilier \u2014 jedna ze spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed program investic do kancel\u00e1\u0159e v rekonstrukci jejich ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed. „Podstatou atraktivitu produktu, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed na\u0161e agentura, v tom, \u017ee cena kancel\u00e1\u0159e za metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je cena obytn\u00fdch prostor, ale bez odborn\u00e9 pomoci, a to i s ohledem na zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed postup\u016f, kupuj\u00edc\u00ed nebude schopen z\u00edskat po\u017eadovan\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd efekt. Mluv\u00edme o kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00edch, nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch se v presti\u017en\u00edch oblastech. Mohou to b\u00fdt jedna nebo dv\u011b kancel\u00e1\u0159e i cel\u00e9 patro. N\u00e1vratnost p\u0159evod bydlen\u00ed nesm\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dit 20 %, a to je velmi dobr\u00fd orienta\u010dn\u00ed pro notre-nemovitost\u00ed“,\u2014 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Alexander Setn\u00edk, majitel a zakladatel spole\u010dnosti Fleuron Immobilier.<\/p>\n
Jin\u00e1 spole\u010dnost, Novaxia Immo Club, kupuje voln\u00e9 kancel\u00e1\u0159e a p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je do bydlen\u00ed. Vstoupit do podniku je mo\u017en\u00e9, investoval do n\u011bj minim\u00e1ln\u011b 5 000\u20ac. 6 % se \u00fa\u010dtuje p\u0159i vstupu a dal\u0161\u00ed 3 % jsou p\u0159evzaty ro\u010dn\u011b za spr\u00e1vu. Investi\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed je \u0161est let. Hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhodou pro investory v tom, \u017ee z\u00edskaj\u00ed objekty za cenu o 30 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tr\u017en\u00ed a obdr\u017e\u00ed kapit\u00e1lov\u00fd zisk p\u0159i prodeji. Mezi projekty Novaxia Immo Club \u2014 rekonstrukce budovy v 20 arrondissement Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, na bulv\u00e1ru Belleville. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee sazba hrub\u00e9ho v\u00fdnosu dos\u00e1hne 8,66 % ro\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n
Transformace kancel\u00e1\u0159e na byty \u2014 proces skli\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed. Pro realizaci takov\u00e9ho projektu bude muset splnit mnoho n\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed a pravidel. Od za\u010d\u00e1tku projektu do jeho dokon\u010den\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee proj\u00edt od dvou do \u010dty\u0159 let. Nyn\u00ed se vl\u00e1da v osob\u011b ministryn\u011b pro bydlen\u00ed C\u00e9cile \u0414\u044e\u0444\u043b\u043e pracuje nad t\u00edm, aby se usnadnilo \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a zkr\u00e1tit dobu rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n
„Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed konstrukce budovy mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. Budovy s otvory o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 12-15 m nep\u0159edstavuj\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v m\u00edstnostech, p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed tento z\u00e1znam, bude \u0161patn\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed“, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Stefan \u0422\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e, \u0161\u00e9f firmy Altarea Cogedim Entreprise, zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se masivn\u00ed p\u0159evodem kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v bytov\u00e9m fondu. Odborn\u00edci tak\u00e9 poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee v budov\u00e1ch s otvory o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 18 m v pr\u016fb\u011bhu transformace ztrat\u00ed 10-20 % plochy.<\/p>\n
I p\u0159es to, \u017ee pr\u00e1ce prob\u00edhaj\u00ed v sektoru prodeje nemovitost\u00ed, mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat p\u0159edpisy platn\u00e9 k nemovitosti prim\u00e1rn\u00ed. A konstrukce star\u00fdch budov se \u010dasto nem\u016f\u017ee splnit tyto p\u0159edpisy a standardy energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti. Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na technick\u00e9 vlastnosti, kter\u00e9 spl\u0148uj\u00ed ne v\u0161echny komer\u010dn\u00ed budovy. Tak, aby mohly b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za bydlen\u00ed, prostory, mus\u00ed m\u00edt v\u00fd\u0161ku stropu nejsou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 2,5 m.<\/p>\n
Adaptaci kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e1 budova v dom\u011b stoj\u00ed na 20-30 % dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e budovat od nuly. N\u00e1klady na transformaci kancel\u00e1\u0159e na ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed se odhaduje odborn\u00edky v 2 000 \u2013 2 500 eur\/m2 bez dan\u011b, stavebn\u00ed \u2014 v 1 600 \u2013 1 800 eur\/m2.<\/p>\n
V Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei se, pokud velikost rekonstruovan\u00e9ho objektu je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 800 m2, 20-30 % prostory by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159id\u011bleny v r\u00e1mci soci\u00e1ln\u00ed bydlen\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee soci\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se rozd\u00e1vaj\u00ed a prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je tr\u017en\u00ed ceny, jsou projekty na transformaci kancel\u00e1\u0159e nejsou v\u017edy efektivn\u00ed z hlediska n\u00e1klad\u016f. Krom\u011b toho, \u00fa\u0159ady v\u00fdnosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pronaj\u00edmat: jejich v\u00fdnos je 5,5\u20137 %, zat\u00edmco byty p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed 2-2,5 %.<\/p>\n
Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek je t\u0159eba se obr\u00e1tit na urbanistick\u00fdm odd\u011blen\u00ed radnice (service de l ‚urbanisme) a ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee navrhovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny nejsou v rozporu s pl\u00e1nem v\u00fdstavby ve m\u011bst\u011b (plan local d‘ urbanisme, PLU).<\/p>\n
D\u00e1le je v radnici pot\u0159eba z\u00edskat stavebn\u00ed povolen\u00ed (permis de construire). Pokud velikost m\u00edstnosti p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 170 m2, pak nutn\u011b pot\u0159ebujete najmout architekta. Pokud stavebn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce nejsou napl\u00e1novan\u00e9, a jde jen o p\u0159ekladu do bytov\u00e9ho fondu, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043e ud\u011blat p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ozn\u00e1men\u00ed (d\u00e9claration pr\u00e9alable).<\/p>\n
V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee prostory se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v chat\u011b, je t\u0159eba prozkoumat jeho pravidla a dozv\u011bd\u011bt se, jak\u00e9 omezen\u00ed m\u00e1 v t\u00e9to konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed budov\u011b.<\/p>\n
Investor stoj\u00ed, aby se ujistil, \u017ee m\u00edstnost je p\u0159ipojen ke v\u0161em komunikace: na vodovod, elektrickou s\u00ed\u0165, telefonn\u00ed linky. P\u0159ipojen\u00ed komunikace, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jejich nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti, bude st\u00e1t velmi mnoho pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n
Potom je t\u0159eba informovat da\u0148ov\u00e9 org\u00e1ny. Pot\u00e9, co m\u00edstnost p\u0159elo\u017eeno z komer\u010dn\u00ed do bytov\u00e9ho fondu, majitel muset platit dal\u0161\u00ed dan\u011b: je zru\u0161eno \u00fazemn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd poplatek (contribution \u00e9conomique territoriale) a je zavedena da\u0148 z bydlen\u00ed (taxe d ‚ habitation). Zm\u011bn\u00ed velikost dan\u011b z nemovitost\u00ed, tzv. taxe fonci\u00e8re: tato da\u0148 je vypo\u010dtena na z\u00e1klad\u011b podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1jemn\u00e9, jej\u00ed\u017e velikost pro bytov\u00e9 a komer\u010dn\u00ed prostory li\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, i p\u0159es v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, nyn\u00ed p\u0159eklad z komer\u010dn\u00edch objekt\u016f v ubytov\u00e1n\u00ed je velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem, hlavn\u00ed v\u011bc vyzvednout p\u011bkn\u00fd, perspektivn\u00ed volba.<\/p>\n
\u2022<\/p>\n
O reverzn\u00ed postup \u2014 p\u0159ekladu bydlen\u00ed na financov\u00e1n\u00ed komer\u010dn\u00edch nemovitost\u00ed \u2014 p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v \u010dl\u00e1nku „Jak p\u0159estav\u011bt byt, komer\u010dn\u00ed prostory“.<\/p>\n
Julia \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, Tranio.Ru<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Jeden z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch realitn\u00edch trh\u016f v Evrop\u011b \u2014 Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00fd region (\u00cele-de-France) \u2014 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dvoj\u00ed krize: kancel\u00e1\u0159e pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 a byt\u016f chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-danove-informace-ve-francii"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"cs","enabled_languages":["ru","uk","en","de","fr","it","es","pl","pt","bg","cs","da","et","fi","hr","hu","lt","lv","mk","no","ro","sk","sl","sq","sr","tr","nl","am","ca","sv"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cs":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"et":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"mk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sq":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"am":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ca":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=932"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/932\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}