{"id":2361,"date":"2020-02-13T17:33:28","date_gmt":"2020-02-13T14:33:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nalog.fr\/skako-airbnb-a-podobne-sluzby-online-zmenili-trhu-prenajom\/"},"modified":"2020-02-13T17:33:28","modified_gmt":"2020-02-13T14:33:28","slug":"skako-airbnb-a-podobne-sluzby-online-zmenili-trhu-prenajom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/skako-airbnb-a-podobne-sluzby-online-zmenili-trhu-prenajom\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako Airbnb a podobn\u00e9 slu\u017eby online zmenili trhu, pren\u00e1jom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160\u00edrenie online slu\u017eby, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed r\u00fdchlo a bez sprostredkovate\u013eov (peer-to-peer, alebo p2p) zapo\u017ei\u010da\u0165 domov, oni quarreled obyvatelia ve\u013ek\u00fdch miest s org\u00e1nmi a hoteli\u00e9rov. Najnov\u0161ie ist\u00ed, \u017ee pr\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9mov v n\u00e1jomnej trhu v prvom rade sky-vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9, je Airbnb a podobn\u00e9 slu\u017eby. &#8222;Tranio&#8220; pochopi\u0165 situ\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0160kand\u00e1l v vzne\u0161en\u00e9 rodiny<\/h2>\n<p>V novembri 2015 v San Franciscu (Kalifornia, USA), ktor\u00e9 sa konalo referendum, ktor\u00e9 okrem in\u00fdch ot\u00e1zok, obyvatelia museli rozhodn\u00fa\u0165, \u010di chcete obmedzi\u0165 schopnosti u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov on-line slu\u017eby, Airbnb. Autori da\u0165 na referendum &#8222;N\u00e1vrh F&#8220; (n\u00e1zov dan\u00fd bal\u00edk legislat\u00edvnych zmien a doplnen\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 boli vyroben\u00e9 pod\u013ea odporcov Airbnb) navrhuje zavies\u0165 opatrenia na kontrolu pren\u00e1jom pomocou p2p slu\u017eby:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ak chcete obmedzi\u0165 schopnos\u0165 zabezpe\u010di\u0165 b\u00fdvanie v kr\u00e1tkodobom horizonte n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 a\u017e 75 noc\u00ed ro\u010dne (nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, \u010di vlastn\u00edk nehnute\u013enosti v tomto \u010dase v dome, alebo nie; pripome\u0148me, \u017ee aktu\u00e1lne n\u00e1jomn\u00fdch bytov v San Franciscu v nepr\u00edtomnosti vlastn\u00edka je obmedzen\u00e1 na 90 noc\u00ed za rok a nie je obmedzen\u00e9 len v jeho pr\u00edtomnosti);<\/li>\n<li>vy\u017eadova\u0165 zemania, aby \u0161tvr\u0165ro\u010dn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy o tom, ko\u013eko dn\u00ed boli prenajat\u00e9 svoje b\u00fdvanie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky referenda, 55 % obyvate\u013eov San Francisca, hlasoval proti prijatiu zmien a doplnen\u00ed. Nes\u00fahlas v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny voli\u010dov bolo kv\u00f4li tomu, \u017ee Airbnb v\u00fdrazne u\u013eah\u010duje proces b\u00fdvanie doru\u010denia v pren\u00e1jme, ktor\u00fd v tejto prehrieva trhu, ako je San Francisco, prin\u00e1\u0161a ve\u013ek\u00fd zisk. V rovnakom \u010dase, on-line po\u017ei\u010dov\u0148a v\u00fdrazne zni\u017euje trhu dodanie dlhodob\u00fd pren\u00e1jom a t\u00fdm prispieva k zv\u00fd\u0161eniu pren\u00e1jom sadzieb, \u010do ob\u0165a\u017euje obyvate\u013eov z\u00e1ujem o tak\u00fato l\u00edzingu. Pod\u013ea skupina aktivistov Podiel Lep\u0161ie SF, 70% bytov, ktor\u00e9 by mohli ma\u0165 dlhodob\u00e9 miestne, \u017ee n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 sa na turistov prostredn\u00edctvom Airbnb a podobn\u00e9 slu\u017eby.<\/p>\n<p> Vzh\u013eadom na vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1jomn\u00e9 v San Franciscu st\u00e1le \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie si prenaja\u0165 apartm\u00e1n <i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>S nov\u00fdm digit\u00e1lnym reality stret\u00e1vaj\u00fa nielen obyvate\u013eov a org\u00e1ny San Francisco &#8211; podobn\u00e9 situ\u00e1cie m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 pozorovan\u00e9 v Barcelone. V auguste 2015 starosta Pekla Cola (Ada Colau) lashed sa na Airbnb a Booking.com &#8222;Internet nemali by sa sta\u0165 sp\u00f4sob, ako ob\u00eds\u0165 z\u00e1kony a by\u0165 kryt pre neleg\u00e1lne pren\u00e1jom pre turistov.&#8220; Obyvatelia Barcelona vst\u00fapili do pob\u00farenie a konalo nieko\u013eko protestov proti odovzdaniu byty na pren\u00e1jom pre turistov na premr\u0161ten\u00e9 ceny na Ramblas (La Rambla). &#8222;Byt, ktor\u00fd bol v minulosti prenajat\u00e9 na 300-400 eur mesa\u010dne teraz prenaja\u0165 za 600-700 eur,&#8220;\u2014 povedal predstavite\u013e miestnych aktivistov letisko orio Casabella (letisko orio Casabella).<\/p>\n<p>Tak \u010di Airbnb a podobn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb, ako maj\u00fa siln\u00fd tlak na realitnom trhu ve\u013ek\u00fdch miest? Ak chcete odpoveda\u0165 na t\u00fato ot\u00e1zku, je obr\u00e1ti\u0165 sa na hist\u00f3riu a v\u00fdvoj tejto p2p platformu.<\/p>\n<h2>Bytov\u00fd probl\u00e9m<\/h2>\n<p>Airbnb sa za\u010dala v roku 2008 a takmer okam\u017eite sa stal ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm cie\u013eom turistov. Dnes na Airbnb si m\u00f4\u017eete prenaja\u0165 ubytovanie v 34 tis\u00edc miest na celom svete. Pren\u00e1jom apartm\u00e1nu na mesiac cena m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 sumu na dva a\u017e tri kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia ako v jeho doru\u010denia na jeden n\u00e1jomca po dobu 30 dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>     <i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Zatia\u013e \u010do v menej popul\u00e1rne turistick\u00e9 destin\u00e1cie mest\u00e1ch podiel bytov pon\u00fakan\u00fdch na Airbnb, vzh\u013eadom na celkov\u00fd po\u010det vo\u013en\u00fd k pren\u00e1jmu bytov je pomerne n\u00edzka. Napr\u00edklad, v Austin (Austin) cez Internet servis iba 6 % bytov v Nashville (Nashville) \u2014 3 %, zatia\u013e \u010do v new Yorku \u2014 18 %.<\/p>\n<p>     <i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho, vplyv Airbnb na pren\u00e1jom trhu je nerovnomern\u00e9, aj vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch: v niektor\u00fdch oblastiach, ako pravidlo, je ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdm cie\u013eom turistov, podiel bytov prenaj\u00edma\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom Airbnb bola ve\u013emi vysok\u00e1, v in\u00fdch slu\u017eba nemus\u00ed skuto\u010dne ovplyvni\u0165 ceny.<\/p>\n<p>     <i><\/i><\/p>\n<p>Napr\u00edklad v Lond\u00fdne najviac bytov cez p2p-slu\u017eby na pren\u00e1jom v Lond\u00fdne (57 %), \u010do nie je prekvapuj\u00face, preto\u017ee je centra mesta, kde je ve\u013ea turistov a podnikate\u013eov ochotn\u00ed plati\u0165 za drah\u00e9, ale kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9ho pren\u00e1jmu. Mierne pod po\u010det tak\u00fdchto rekl\u00e1m v \u0161tvrti Kensington a Chelsea (40 %) a Camden (28 %), domov pre bohat\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, zvy\u010dajne nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa \u017eiadne z\u00e1robky na pren\u00e1jom. V menej prest\u00ed\u017ene Greenwich st\u00e1vka je v\u00fdrazne ni\u017e\u0161ia, a zemania menej (5 %), a v nie ve\u013emi \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fd Croydon percento bytov, ktor\u00e9 prenaj\u00edma na Airbnb, a to je 1 %.<\/p>\n<h2>Hotely v \u00fatoku<\/h2>\n<p>Pohodlie Airbnb u\u017e ocenili investorov: aj s vysok\u00fdmi n\u00e1kladmi na dodanie apartm\u00e1ny pre kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pr\u00edjmy je ove\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ia ako na dlhodob\u00e9 pren\u00e1jmy. Aj ke\u010f tento byt bude k\u00fat bez n\u00e1jomcu dva mesiace v roku, jej v\u00fdnos bude suma na 6-7 %, zatia\u013e \u010do dlhodob\u00fd pren\u00e1jom prinesie iba 3-4% ro\u010dne.<\/p>\n<p>Okrem toho na takej vysokej \u00farovni rentability porovnate\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy z komer\u010dn\u00fdch budov, apartm\u00e1ny s\u00fa odovzdan\u00e9 p2p slu\u017eby, je tu e\u0161te jedna d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 konkuren\u010dn\u00fa v\u00fdhodu oproti in\u00fdm invest\u00edcie: je to lacnej\u0161ie, ne\u017e, napr\u00edklad, n\u00e1kupn\u00e9ho centra alebo na hotel, tak sa investori ve\u013ea. Teraz asi tretina z reklamy na Airbnb miesto majitelia dva alebo viac bytov, ktor\u00e9 v skuto\u010dnosti, st\u00e1vaj\u00fa konkurentmi mal\u00fd hotel podnikania.<\/p>\n<p>Airbnb a podobn\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach s\u00fa naozaj ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa pren\u00e1jom nehnute\u013enost\u00ed trhoch hlavn\u00fdch mest\u00e1ch. V rovnakom \u010dase, aktivity miestnych obyvate\u013eov a org\u00e1ny pravdepodobne povedie k tomu, \u017ee nakoniec tam bude z\u00e1konov, ktor\u00fdmi sa riadi pou\u017e\u00edvanie t\u00fdchto slu\u017eieb a platieb dan\u00ed pre ich u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Niektor\u00e9 opatrenia s\u00fa prijat\u00e9 teraz. Napr\u00edklad, ak si k\u00fapi\u0165 byt v Barcelone, m\u00f4\u017eete si prenaja\u0165 apartm\u00e1n pre kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd pren\u00e1jom iba so \u0161peci\u00e1lnou licenciou od miestnych \u00faradov. Investori hon na tieto apartm\u00e1ny, a t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nemaj\u00fa \u010das na vydanie licencie, s\u00fa n\u00faten\u00ed prija\u0165 \u00fato\u010disko len v dlhodobom horizonte.<\/p>\n<p>            <b class=\"citation-author-name\">Marina Filichkina<\/b><\/p>\n<p> Ved\u00faci predaja Tranio<\/p>\n<p>Ivan Chepizhko, &#8222;Tranio&#8220;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160\u00edrenie online slu\u017eby, ktor\u00e9 v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed r\u00fdchlo a bez sprostredkovate\u013eov (peer-to-peer, alebo p2p) zapo\u017ei\u010da\u0165 domov, oni quarreled obyvatelia ve\u013ek\u00fdch miest<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":468,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[152],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-danove-informacie-vo-francuzsku"],"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"3.0.0","language":"sk","enabled_languages":["ru","uk","en","de","fr","it","es","pl","pt","bg","cs","da","et","fi","hr","hu","lt","lv","mk","no","ro","sk","sl","sq","sr","tr","nl","am","ca","sv"],"languages":{"ru":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"uk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"de":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"it":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"es":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"pt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"bg":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"cs":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"da":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"et":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"fi":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"hu":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lt":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"lv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"mk":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"no":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ro":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"sl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sq":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"tr":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"nl":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"am":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"ca":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false},"sv":{"title":false,"content":false,"excerpt":false}}},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2361\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/468"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nalog.fr\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}